基于奇异谱分析的我国航空客运量集成预测模型

针对时间序列包含噪声以及单一模型可能存在预测表现不稳定的问题,本文提出了一个基于奇异谱分析(SSA)的集成预测模型,并将其运用于我国年度航空客运量的预测中.首先,采用SSA方法对原始时间序列进行分解和重构,得到一个剔除噪声的时间序列,然后将其作为单整自回归移动平均模型(ARIMA)、支持向量回归模型(SVR)、Holt-Winters方法(HW)等单一模型的输入并进行预测,接着再采用加权平均集成预测方法(WA)将三种单一模型的预测结果进行综合集成.通过与各单一模型、基于经验模态分解方法(EMD)的模型以及简单平均集成预测方法(SA)的预测结果进行对比发现,本文所建模型具有较高的预测精度和较稳定的预测表现.最后,采用本文的模型对我国2014-2016年年度航空客运量进行了预测.     

Feeding ecology of the common sun skink,Eutropis multifasciata (Reptilia: Squamata: Scincidae), in the plains of central Vietnam

We studied the feeding ecology of Eutropis multifasciata in the tropical plains of central Vietnam to understand better the foraging mode, spatiotemporal and sexual variation in dietary composition, and rarefaction curves of prey-taxon richness for males and females. Stomach contents (n = 161) were collected from October 2013 to May 2014 using a nonlethal stomach-flushing technique. A total of 680 food items (624 animal items and 56 plant items) was found in 161 stomachs of skinks, representing 19 unique animal categories. We found that the diet of E. multifasciata is composed mainly of small, sedentary and clumped prey and that this skink specialises on spiders, insect larvae, snails, grasshoppers and crickets (with a combined importance index of 60%). Dietary composition, prey size and total prey volume in E. multifasciata changed between dry and rainy seasons and among regions. The total volume of food items consumed by males was larger than that of females, and the diversity and evenness index of prey categories were larger in males than in females. However, using rarefaction curves revealed that females have the higher prey-taxon richness after points between 130 and 140 prey items for frequency, and between 160 and 170 prey items for number of items, and the differences were not statistically significant. The foraging behaviour of E. multifasciata best fits a ‘widely foraging’ model.     

基于批分离实验的最大独立集问题DNA算法

根据解决最大独立集问题的需要,讨论了简化的粘贴模型,该模型只由单链DNA的存储链和分离板组成.以分离实验为基础提出了批分离实验和生化操作过程,该实验可以快速分离存储链.基于批分离实验设计了最大独立集问题的DNA算法,并给出其生化实现过程:先形成所有顶点子集的初始解空间;接着用批分离实验对每个顶点进行检测,筛选全部满足不相邻要求的顶点子集,从而得到全部独立集;然后通过电泳实验得到全部最大独立集;最后通过检测实验输出实验结果.讨论并证明了算法的正确性和复杂性,算法的操作次数是线性的,通过仿真实验说明了算法的有效性和可行性.     

The evolution of a trading zone: a case study of the turtle excluder device

This paper explores the evolution of a trading zone by organizing the case study of turtle excluder devices within the model proposed by Collins et al. (2007). The case study offers evidence that trading zones do evolve and that the concepts of enforced and fractionated trading zones hold practical utility for describing and defining the complexities of actual exchanges. In this case a trading zone evolved from enforced to fractionated and ultimately diverged into two trading zones. For each step of the evolution I describe the forces that drove these transitions. Finally, I present an adapted trading zone model that is conceptually a better fit for the turtle excluder device case study.     

从跨文化视角下探讨隐喻汉英互译

隐喻是语言的一种普遍现象,是语言与文化联系最紧密的部分。不同文化背景下的隐喻蕴涵着各民族特有的文化内涵和思维方式。隐喻的翻译尤其复杂,为了在隐喻翻译过程中保持隐喻特征,并成功传递文化内涵,本文提出了直译法、转换喻体法和解译法三种翻译策略。     

Use of booster fans in underground coal mining to advantage

A booster fan is an underground main fan which is installed in series with a main surface fan and used to boost the air pressure of the ventilation to overcome mine resistance.Currently booster fans are used in several major coal mining countries including the United Kingdom,Australia,Poland and China.In the United States booster fans are prohibited in coal mines although they are used in several metal and non-metal mines.A study has been undertaken to examine alternatives for ventilating an underground room and pillar coal mine system.A feasibility study of a hypothetical situation has shown that current ventilation facilities are incapable of fulfilling mine air requirements in the future due to increased seam methane levels.A current ventilation network model has been prepared and projected to a mine five years plan.“Ventsim visual” software simulations of different possible ventilation options have been conducted in which varying methane levels are found at working faces.The software can also undertake financial simulations and project present value total costs for the options under study.Several scenarios for improving the ventilation situation such as improving main surface fans,adding intake shafts,adding exhaust shafts and utilizing booster fans have been examined.After taking into account the total capital and operating costs for the five years mine plan the booster fan scenarios are recommended as being the best alternatives for further serious consideration by the mine.The optimum option is a properly sized and installed booster fan system that can be used to create safe work conditions,maintain adequate air quantity with lowest cost,generate a reduction in energy consumption and decrease mine system air leakage.     

Fe76Si7.6B9.5P5C1.9合金带的纵向巨磁阻抗效应

利用单辊快淬法制备宽0.35 mm,厚0.033 mm的Fe76Si7.6B9.5P5C1.9非晶薄带,具有明显的纵向巨磁阻抗效应,最大磁阻比达到754%.氮气保护条件下进行热处理的样品,最大阻抗比和灵敏度都有明显提高,440℃退火1 h的样品最大阻抗比达到1 196%,灵敏度为715%/(A·m-1).     

基于巨磁阻抗效应表征材料磁结构的模型

研究了一种可用于磁结构表征的基于巨磁阻抗效应分析材料磁结构的模型.在建立巨磁阻抗效应与简化磁结构对应关系模型的基础上,结合磁化矢量正交分解手段,通过调节巨磁阻抗效应与简化磁结构对应关系模型特征参量的方法,获得了各种形状的巨磁阻抗曲线,根据拟合得到的解叠子谱特征,可获知材料内部磁结构的组成和特征.研究结果对于磁性材料内部磁结构的新型表征方法及其内部结构的控制具有重要的意义.